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Gestion des sorties vers les haut-parleurs

Gestion des sorties vers les haut-parleurs

par Le Grincheux  


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Pour que cet amplificateur soit d'utilisation la plus large possible, il convient de lui adjoindre une selection des système de haut-parleurs. Sur un amplificateur à transistors, sortant sans transformateur,  cela ne pose aucune espèce de problème. En revanche, sur un amplificateur fonctionnant en haute impédance, il ne faut jamais commuter les systèmes de sortie en fonctionnement sous peine de destruction des transformateurs de sortie. En effet, le secondaire du transformateur ayant une impédance infinie, il se transforme en inductance quasiment pure et peut rapidement entrer dans une oscillation destructrice. J'ai mesuré il y a quelque temps les inductances de transformateurs EI de sortie au pont RLC et j'ai obtenu des valeurs de l'ordre de 100 à 150 H. Une paille !

J'aborderai plus loin une manière de protéger ces transformateurs de sortie contre ces suroscillations. Je m'attarderai ici uniquement à la gestion de la commutation de deux systèmes de haut-parleurs nommés A et B. Encore une fois, cette tâche sera dévolu à une machine à état entièrement définie. Un tel automate est robuste et efficace.

Les variables d'entrée sont dans l'ordre :

  • présence haut-parleurs système B ;
  • présence haut-parleurs système A ;
  • interrupteur général ;
  • sélection système B ;
  • sélection système A ;
  • présente basse tension ;
  • présence haute tension.

Les sorties de la machine de Moore sont les suivantes :

  • test de la présence des haut-parleurs ;
  • arrêt de la haute tension ;
  • commande du système B ;
  • commande du système A.

La haute tension est bloquée par un transistor MOSFET dans le circuit de cathode des tubes de puissance le temps de la commutation des systèmes de haut-parleurs. Quant au test de présence des haut-parleurs, il consiste à envoyer un petit signal à quelques centaines de Hertz pour vérifier qu'il y a bien une impédance en bout de ligne.

Avec ces notations, la machine à état est la suivante :

Gestion des sorties vers les haut-parleurs

 

Fig. 1 : machine à état

La mise en équations dans un prochain billet.

Catégories: Général, Schémas
 27.02.17 14:54,

Aucun commentaire pour le moment


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Formulaire en cours de chargement...


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